Product Description
API: Josamycin
Molecular Formula: C42H69NO15
Molecular Weight: 827.99
CAS: 16846-24-5
Pharmacopoeia Monograph: EP
A macrolide antibiotic from Streptomyces narbonensis. The drug has antimicrobial activity against a wide spectrum of pathogens.
AI Product Description
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Josamycin, chemically known as josamycin base or josamycin propionate, is a macrolide antibiotic produced by the bacterium *Streptomyces narbonensis*. Its molecular formula is C41H67NO13 for the free base form, with a corresponding CAS number of 10254-98-9. As a semi-synthetic derivative of native antibiotics, it exhibits a broad spectrum of activity primarily against Gram-positive bacteria, including *Staphylococcus aureus*, *Streptococcus pneumoniae*, and *Corynebacterium diphtheriae*. It also demonstrates efficacy against certain Gram-negative organisms like *Bordetella pertussis* and anaerobes such as *Clostridium perfringens*. The drug functions by binding reversibly to the 50S ribosomal subunit of susceptible microorganisms, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis and preventing bacterial replication.
Clinically, Josamycin is widely utilized in human medicine to treat respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and ENT disorders. It is particularly valued for its high concentration in tissues, especially in the lungs and tonsils, making it effective against pathogens causing bronchitis, pneumonia, and tonsillitis. Furthermore, it serves as an important alternative for patients allergic to penicillin. In veterinary medicine, it plays a crucial role in treating similar infections in livestock and poultry, contributing to animal health and food safety. The propionate ester salt form is often preferred for oral administration due to improved stability and bioavailability compared to the free base. While generally well-tolerated, common side effects may include gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Rare cases of liver function abnormalities have been reported, necessitating monitoring during prolonged therapy. Josamycin remains a significant therapeutic agent in global pharmacopeias, balancing efficacy with a favorable safety profile for both humans and animals in diverse clinical settings.