Product Description
Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride USP/EP 86483-48-9
AI Product Description
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Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, conforming to United States Pharmacopeia (USP) and European Pharmacopoeia (EP) standards, is the hydrochloride salt form of ciprofloxacin, a widely used fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Its molecular formula is C17H18FN3O3·HCl, with a corresponding CAS Registry Number of 85721-33-3. This compound serves as a critical active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in global healthcare systems, renowned for its broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms.
The primary mechanism of action involves the inhibition of bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, essential enzymes required for DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. By disrupting these processes, ciprofloxacin hydrochloride effectively halts bacterial growth and leads to cell death. It demonstrates potent efficacy against common pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella species. Consequently, it is extensively prescribed for treating urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, bone and joint infections, and certain gastrointestinal diseases like typhoid fever. Additionally, it plays a vital role in prophylactic treatment for anthrax exposure and is utilized in managing complicated intra-abdominal infections.
Manufactured under strict USP/EP guidelines, this grade ensures high purity, typically exceeding 98%, alongside rigorous testing for related substances, heavy metals, and residual solvents. The hydrochloride salt form enhances water solubility compared to the free base, facilitating formulation into various dosage forms including tablets, oral suspensions, injectables, and ophthalmic solutions. While highly effective, clinical use requires careful consideration of potential adverse effects, which may include tendonitis, QT prolongation, and central nervous system disturbances. Resistance development remains a concern, necessitating prudent prescribing practices to preserve therapeutic utility. As a cornerstone of modern antimicrobial therapy, Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride continues to be indispensable in combating multidrug-resistant bacterial infections worldwide, supporting patient recovery across diverse medical settings.