Product Description
Ampicillin sodium usp/ep/bp 69-52-3
AI Product Description
*The following content is generated by AI and is for reference only.
Ampicillin Sodium, conforming to the rigorous standards of USP, EP, and BP, is a widely utilized semi-synthetic penicillin antibiotic. Its molecular formula is C₁₆H₁₈N₃NaO₄S, with a corresponding CAS registry number of 69-53-4. This sodium salt form is specifically engineered to enhance water solubility compared to its acid counterpart, making it ideal for intravenous and intramuscular administration in clinical settings. The molecule features a beta-lactam ring structure essential for its mechanism of action, which involves the inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins.
Primarily used to treat infections caused by susceptible Gram-positive and certain Gram-negative bacteria, Ampicillin Sodium is effective against strains such as *Streptococcus pneumoniae*, *Enterococcus faecalis*, *Escherichia coli*, *Proteus mirabilis*, and *Haemophilus influenzae*. It is frequently prescribed for respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, meningitis, septicemia, and gastrointestinal infections. Due to its broad-spectrum activity, it remains a cornerstone therapy in both human and veterinary medicine, often serving as a first-line treatment for conditions like otitis media and gonorrhea when susceptibility is confirmed.
However, the efficacy of this medication is strictly limited by bacterial resistance mechanisms, particularly the production of beta-lactamase enzymes by many pathogens. Consequently, it is often combined with beta-lactamase inhibitors like clavulanic acid to broaden its therapeutic range. Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to penicillins or cephalosporins must avoid this drug due to the risk of severe allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis. Proper storage is critical; the powder should be kept in a cool, dry place, while reconstituted solutions require refrigeration and use within a short timeframe to maintain stability. As a pharmaceutical-grade substance meeting international pharmacopoeial specifications, Ampicillin Sodium represents a vital tool in modern antimicrobial therapy, balancing potent bactericidal activity with established safety profiles when used responsibly under medical supervision.