Product Description
Reference Standards &Impurity
AI Product Description
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Isoleucine, chemically designated as 2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid, is a vital essential amino acid that plays a pivotal role in human metabolism and protein synthesis. With the molecular formula C6H13NO2 and the CAS number 73-32-5, this compound exists primarily in its L-isomer form within biological systems. As an essential nutrient, the human body cannot synthesize isoleucine de novo; therefore, it must be obtained through dietary sources such as eggs, fish, poultry, lentils, soy, pumpkin seeds, sesame seeds, and cheese. Structurally, isoleucine is classified as a branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), sharing metabolic pathways with leucine and valine. Its primary physiological function involves muscle tissue metabolism, glucose regulation, and energy production. During periods of physical exertion or fasting, BCAAs are oxidized in skeletal muscles to provide fuel, making isoleucine crucial for athletes and individuals engaged in intense training. Furthermore, it serves as a precursor for hemoglobin synthesis and assists in maintaining nitrogen balance within the body. Beyond human health, isoleucine finds extensive application in the pharmaceutical industry as a key ingredient in amino acid infusions for parenteral nutrition, particularly for patients unable to eat orally. In the food and beverage sector, it is utilized as a nutritional supplement and flavor enhancer. The chemical also acts as a building block in the synthesis of various peptides and specialized proteins. Research indicates that adequate isoleucine intake supports immune function and may influence insulin sensitivity. Due to its specific stereochemistry and reactivity, it is also employed in biochemical research and the manufacturing of chiral intermediates for drug development. Overall, isoleucine remains indispensable for sustaining life, promoting growth, and ensuring optimal metabolic function across diverse biological contexts.