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CAS NO:
99-45-6
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ChP,
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Basic Info
CAS Number
99-45-6
Pharmacopoeia
ChP
Grade
In-house Standards
Is Manufacturer
YES
Packaging & Delivery
Minimum Order Quantity
Any
Delivery Cycle
Negotiable
Product Description
Reference Standards &Impurity
AI Product Description
*The following content is generated by AI and is for reference only.
Dipivefrine Hydrochloride is a prodrug of epinephrine specifically designed for ophthalmic applications to treat glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Its primary mechanism involves the enzymatic hydrolysis by corneal esterases, which converts the inactive molecule into active epinephrine within the eye. This conversion significantly enhances lipophilicity compared to native epinephrine, allowing for superior penetration through the corneal barrier and resulting in more effective intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction. The chemical formula for Dipivefrine Hydrochloride is C18H24ClNO3, and it is identified by the CAS Registry Number 709-67-5. Structurally, it consists of an epinephrine backbone where both phenolic hydroxyl groups are esterified with pivaloyl groups, creating a diester that masks the polar nature of the original drug until it reaches the target tissue.
Clinically, this agent is administered as a topical solution, typically at concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 0.2%. By lowering IOP, it helps prevent optic nerve damage associated with open-angle glaucoma and reduces the risk of vision loss in patients with ocular hypertension. Unlike pure epinephrine, dipivefrine offers improved stability and reduced systemic side effects due to its targeted activation. However, potential local adverse reactions may include transient stinging, conjunctival hyperemia, or allergic responses. It is contraindicated in patients with narrow-angle glaucoma unless the angle has been opened surgically, as well as in those with known hypersensitivity to epinephrine or any component of the formulation. While newer prostaglandin analogues have largely superseded it in some markets due to once-daily dosing convenience, dipivefrine remains a valuable therapeutic option in specific clinical scenarios where beta-blockers or other agents are insufficient or contraindicated. Its unique pharmacokinetic profile ensures sustained therapeutic levels within the anterior chamber, making it a cornerstone in the historical and contemporary management of elevated intraocular pressure.
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