Product Description
Reference Standards &Impurity
AI Product Description
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Alprostadil, chemically known as prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), is a synthetic form of the naturally occurring hormone prostaglandin. Its molecular formula is C20H34O5, and it carries the CAS registry number 713-33-9. This potent vasodilator plays a critical role in maintaining the patency of the ductus arteriosus in fetal circulation and is widely utilized in clinical settings to treat erectile dysfunction and peripheral arterial diseases. Structurally, Alprostadil consists of a cyclopentane ring with two side chains containing carboxylic acid and hydroxyl groups, which contribute to its high biological activity and rapid metabolism by the body.
In medical practice, Alprostadil serves as a first-line therapy for male patients suffering from erectile dysfunction who do not respond to oral medications or have contraindications to them. Administered via intracavernosal injection or intraurethral suppository, it works by relaxing smooth muscle tissue within the corpus cavernosum, thereby increasing blood flow and facilitating an erection. Additionally, it is indispensable in neonatal care for infants born with congenital heart defects dependent on ductal patency, such as hypoplastic left heart syndrome or pulmonary atresia. In these cases, continuous infusion keeps the ductus arteriosus open until surgical intervention can be performed.
Despite its efficacy, Alprostadil requires careful administration due to potential side effects, including pain at the injection site, hypotension, dizziness, and rare instances of priapism, a prolonged and painful erection that necessitates immediate medical attention. It is contraindicated in patients with penile anatomical abnormalities, severe cardiovascular disease, or hypersensitivity to the drug. The product is typically supplied as a lyophilized powder requiring reconstitution immediately before use to ensure stability and potency. Ongoing research continues to explore novel delivery systems to improve patient compliance and reduce local adverse reactions. Overall, Alprostadil remains a cornerstone therapeutic agent in urology and pediatric cardiology, bridging the gap between physiological restoration and life-saving interventions for diverse patient populations worldwide.